Environment
The climate is changing because there is more and more carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the air, which traps heat. Here you can see who emits it, since when and why.
Why CO₂
CO₂ comes mostly from coal, oil and gas burned to produce energy, to travel and to heat, and from cement. It stays in the atmosphere for centuries: what counts is not only how much is emitted today, but also how much has built up since the industrial revolution.
How it is measured
The same emissions can be counted in different ways: a country’s total, the share of each inhabitant, how much it has emitted since 1850, or the CO₂ of the goods consumed there, even if produced elsewhere. Each measure tells part of the story.
Sources: Global Carbon Budget 2025 and Ember, Yearly Electricity Data (CC BY 4.0), in the Our World in Data collection (CC BY 4.0); renewable share of energy consumption from the World Bank. The data are updated once a month.