Water
How much freshwater each country has per person and how it has changed, how much comes from neighbouring countries, how much is withdrawn, what for, and how many people have safe drinking water.
Key words
- Renewable water
- The water in rivers and aquifers renewed every year by rainfall: a long-term average. The total also includes water coming from other countries.
- Internal water
- Only the water produced by rain falling in the country. For a country crossed by a large river rising elsewhere (Egypt and the Nile) it is far less than the total.
- Dependency
- The share of total renewable water that comes from abroad, with the rivers and aquifers of upstream countries.
- Stress and scarcity (Falkenmark)
- Thresholds of renewable water per person per year: below 1,700 m³ stress, below 1,000 scarcity, below 500 absolute scarcity. The 1,000 threshold is the hydrologist Malin Falkenmark’s (1989), the 1,700 one comes from later authors; they are indicative. 1,700 m³ a year is about 4,700 litres a day per person: it includes the water for fields, industry and homes.
- Water stress
- The water withdrawn as a percentage of what is available, after the water needed by rivers and lakes (UN goal 6.4.2). Above 100% a country withdraws more water than is renewed: from fossil aquifers or by desalinating seawater.
- Drinking water
- Basic: from a protected source (tap, covered well…) within 30 minutes round trip. Safely managed: at home, available when needed and free from contamination.
In the world
- Renewable water in the world, per year
- 42,892 km³
- Per person
- 5,301 m³ (2023)
- Water stress
- 17.6 % (2023)
- People with high or critical water stress
- 2.46 billion (2023)
- Safely managed drinking water
- 73.7 % (2024)
The water available in the world stays more or less the same, but the population grows: water per person falls. Of freshwater withdrawals, 72% goes to agriculture, 15% to industry and 13% to services, i.e. homes and cities.
World water stress was 17.5% in 2000 and is 17.6% in 2023: on average it stays stable, but the people living where stress is high or critical went from 2.13 billion in 2012 to 2.46 billion in 2023.
Sources: FAO, AQUASTAT (renewable water, with the per-person figure computed by GeoScope.ch with UN population, WPP 2024; world water stress since 2000; people with high or critical stress since 2012); World Bank (drinking water, WHO/UNICEF data); UN-Water, Progress on the level of water stress 2024 (water uses).
Key figures
Latest available year in brackets. Renewable water and dependency: FAO, AQUASTAT; water stress: World Bank (FAO); drinking water: World Bank (WHO/UNICEF).
What water is used for
The freshwater withdrawn, divided between agriculture (mostly irrigation), industry (power plants included) and homes and services.
- Agriculture
- Industry
- Homes and services
The latest year with all three uses. Sources: World Bank, FAO data; points of water stress by sector: FAO, AQUASTAT.
Water per person over time
Total renewable water per person since 1964. It falls almost only because the population grows: available water is a long-term average and changes little. In the background, the Falkenmark bands.
Source: FAO, AQUASTAT (CC BY 4.0). The world: AQUASTAT’s world renewable water divided by the UN population (WPP 2024), computed by GeoScope.ch.
Drinking water
The share of the population with safely managed drinking water (solid line) and at least basic (dashed), since 2000.
Top ten
Highest water stress
- Kuwait 3,850.5 %
- United Arab Emirates 1,509.9 %
- Saudi Arabia 974.2 %
- Libya 817.1 %
- Qatar 431.0 %
- Yemen 169.8 %
- Algeria 144.8 %
- Egypt 141.2 %
- Turkmenistan 135.2 %
- Bahrain 133.7 %
Latest figure: 2022
Least water per person
- Kuwait 4 m³
- United Arab Emirates 14 m³
- Qatar 19 m³
- Yemen 53 m³
- Maldives 57 m³
- Saudi Arabia 72 m³
- Bahrain 74 m³
- Jordan 82 m³
- Libya 96 m³
- Singapore 104 m³
Latest figure: 2023
Most water from abroad
- Kuwait 100.0 %
- Egypt 98.3 %
- Turkmenistan 97.0 %
- Bahrain 96.6 %
- Mauritania 96.5 %
- Sudan 96.1 %
- Hungary 94.2 %
- Bangladesh 91.4 %
- Niger 89.7 %
- Netherlands 87.9 %
Latest figure: 2023
Least safe drinking water
- Central African Republic 6.2 %
- Chad 6.3 %
- Tuvalu 8.7 %
- Sierra Leone 10.9 %
- Democratic Republic of the Congo 11.9 %
- Ethiopia 13.5 %
- Kiribati 15.1 %
- Nepal 16.5 %
- Benin 17.7 %
- Uganda 18.1 %
Latest figure: 2024
All countries
| Country | Water per person | Falkenmark | From abroad | Water stress | Level | Safe drinking water |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 1,576 m³ | stress | 28.7 % | 54.8 % (2022) | medium | 30.6 % (2024) |
| Albania | 10,741 m³ | no scarcity | 10.9 % | 4.8 % (2022) | none | 70.8 % (2024) |
| Algeria | 253 m³ | absolute scarcity | 3.6 % | 144.8 % (2022) | critical | 69.0 % (2024) |
| American Samoa * | – | – | – | 90.5 % (2024) | ||
| Andorra | 3,903 m³ | no scarcity | – | – | 90.6 % (2024) | |
| Angola | 4,038 m³ | no scarcity | 0.3 % | 1.9 % (2022) | none | – |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 557 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 8.5 % (2022) | none | – |
| Argentina | 19,242 m³ | no scarcity | 66.7 % | 10.5 % (2022) | none | – |
| Armenia | 2,639 m³ | no scarcity | 11.7 % | 62.0 % (2022) | medium | 82.1 % (2024) |
| Aruba * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Australia | 18,600 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 4.7 % (2022) | none | – |
| Austria | 8,510 m³ | no scarcity | 29.2 % | 8.7 % (2022) | none | 98.9 % (2024) |
| Azerbaijan | 3,361 m³ | no scarcity | 76.6 % | 57.5 % (2022) | medium | 57.8 % (2024) |
| Bahrain | 74 m³ | absolute scarcity | 96.6 % | 133.7 % (2022) | critical | 98.9 % (2024) |
| Bangladesh | 7,156 m³ | no scarcity | 91.4 % | 5.7 % (2022) | none | 59.1 % (2024) |
| Barbados | 283 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 87.5 % (2022) | high | – |
| Belarus | 6,352 m³ | no scarcity | 41.3 % | 4.7 % (2022) | none | 93.1 % (2024) |
| Belgium | 1,562 m³ | stress | 34.4 % | 52.8 % (2022) | medium | 99.5 % (2024) |
| Belize | 52,867 m³ | no scarcity | 29.8 % | 1.3 % (2022) | none | – |
| Benin | 1,870 m³ | no scarcity | 61.0 % | 1.0 % (2022) | none | 17.7 % (2024) |
| Bermuda * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Bhutan | 99,188 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 1.4 % (2022) | none | 65.6 % (2024) |
| Bolivia | 46,879 m³ | no scarcity | 47.1 % | 0.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 11,774 m³ | no scarcity | 5.3 % | 2.1 % (2022) | none | 86.4 % (2024) |
| Botswana | 4,935 m³ | no scarcity | 80.4 % | 2.2 % (2022) | none | 63.3 % (2024) |
| Brazil | 40,954 m³ | no scarcity | 34.5 % | 1.5 % (2022) | none | 88.6 % (2024) |
| British Virgin Islands * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Brunei | 18,521 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 3.5 % (2022) | none | – |
| Bulgaria | 3,134 m³ | no scarcity | 1.4 % | 40.2 % (2022) | low | 96.2 % (2024) |
| Burkina Faso | 586 m³ | scarcity | 7.4 % | 7.8 % (2022) | none | – |
| Burundi | 916 m³ | scarcity | 19.8 % | 10.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Cambodia | 27,325 m³ | no scarcity | 74.7 % | 1.0 % (2022) | none | 30.0 % (2024) |
| Cameroon | 9,980 m³ | no scarcity | 3.6 % | 1.6 % (2022) | none | – |
| Canada | 73,844 m³ | no scarcity | 1.8 % | 3.7 % (2022) | none | 96.9 % (2024) |
| Cape Verde | 574 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 59.7 % (2022) | medium | – |
| Cayman Islands * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Central African Republic | 27,366 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 0.3 % (2022) | none | 6.2 % (2024) |
| Chad | 2,366 m³ | no scarcity | 67.2 % | 4.3 % (2022) | none | 6.3 % (2024) |
| Chile | 46,954 m³ | no scarcity | 4.1 % | 9.0 % (2022) | none | 97.8 % (2024) |
| China | 1,997 m³ | no scarcity | 1.0 % | 41.5 % (2022) | low | – |
| Colombia | 45,106 m³ | no scarcity | 9.1 % | 3.6 % (2022) | none | 74.3 % (2024) |
| Comoros | 1,411 m³ | stress | 0.0 % | 0.8 % (2022) | none | – |
| Costa Rica | 22,133 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 5.9 % (2022) | none | 80.5 % (2024) |
| Croatia | 27,079 m³ | no scarcity | 64.3 % | 1.5 % (2022) | none | 87.3 % (2024) |
| Cuba | 3,459 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 23.9 % (2022) | none | – |
| Curaçao * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Cyprus | 580 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 30.5 % (2022) | low | 99.7 % (2024) |
| Czech Republic | 1,216 m³ | stress | 0.0 % | 22.0 % (2022) | none | 98.1 % (2024) |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 12,128 m³ | no scarcity | 29.9 % | 0.2 % (2022) | none | 11.9 % (2024) |
| Denmark | 1,009 m³ | stress | 0.0 % | 25.3 % (2022) | low | 99.9 % (2024) |
| Djibouti | 260 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 6.3 % (2022) | none | – |
| Dominica | 3,007 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 10.0 % (2022) | none | – |
| Dominican Republic | 2,074 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 39.6 % (2022) | low | 45.3 % (2024) |
| East Timor | 5,934 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 28.3 % (2022) | low | – |
| Ecuador | 24,605 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 6.8 % (2022) | none | 69.9 % (2024) |
| Egypt | 502 m³ | scarcity | 98.3 % | 141.2 % (2022) | critical | 78.9 % (2024) |
| El Salvador | 4,163 m³ | no scarcity | 40.5 % | 12.1 % (2022) | none | – |
| Equatorial Guinea | 14,073 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 0.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Eritrea | 2,108 m³ | no scarcity | 61.7 % | 11.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Estonia | 9,367 m³ | no scarcity | 0.7 % | 13.0 % (2022) | none | 98.9 % (2024) |
| Eswatini | 3,665 m³ | no scarcity | 41.5 % | 77.6 % (2022) | high | 38.2 % (2024) |
| Ethiopia | 948 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 32.3 % (2022) | low | 13.5 % (2024) |
| Faroe Islands * | – | 0.0 % | – | – | ||
| Federated States of Micronesia | – | 0.0 % | – | – | ||
| Fiji | 30,893 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 0.3 % (2022) | none | 42.1 % (2024) |
| Finland | 19,639 m³ | no scarcity | 2.7 % | 7.1 % (2022) | none | 99.6 % (2024) |
| France | 3,176 m³ | no scarcity | 5.2 % | 21.4 % (2022) | none | 99.7 % (2024) |
| French Polynesia * | – | – | – | 90.4 % (2024) | ||
| Gabon | 66,806 m³ | no scarcity | 1.2 % | 0.5 % (2022) | none | – |
| Georgia | 16,633 m³ | no scarcity | 8.2 % | 4.2 % (2022) | none | 70.5 % (2024) |
| Germany | 1,821 m³ | no scarcity | 30.5 % | 35.4 % (2022) | low | 99.9 % (2024) |
| Ghana | 1,663 m³ | stress | 46.1 % | 6.3 % (2022) | none | 42.9 % (2024) |
| Greece | 6,678 m³ | no scarcity | 15.2 % | 20.3 % (2022) | none | 96.7 % (2024) |
| Greenland * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Grenada | 1,708 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 7.1 % (2022) | none | 89.9 % (2017) |
| Guam * | – | – | – | 94.0 % (2024) | ||
| Guatemala | 7,057 m³ | no scarcity | 14.6 % | 5.7 % (2022) | none | 48.8 % (2024) |
| Guinea | 15,688 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 1.4 % (2022) | none | – |
| Guinea-Bissau | 14,582 m³ | no scarcity | 49.0 % | 1.5 % (2022) | none | 24.0 % (2024) |
| Guyana | 327,947 m³ | no scarcity | 11.1 % | 3.3 % (2022) | none | 67.2 % (2024) |
| Haiti | 1,205 m³ | stress | 7.2 % | 13.4 % (2022) | none | – |
| Honduras | 8,658 m³ | no scarcity | 1.6 % | 4.6 % (2022) | none | 65.5 % (2024) |
| Hong Kong * | – | – | – | 100.0 % (2024) | ||
| Hungary | 10,737 m³ | no scarcity | 94.2 % | 8.1 % (2022) | none | 100.0 % (2024) |
| Iceland | 438,645 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 0.4 % (2022) | none | 100.0 % (2024) |
| India | 1,329 m³ | stress | 30.5 % | 66.5 % (2022) | medium | 76.4 % (2024) |
| Indonesia | 7,179 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 29.7 % (2022) | low | 30.5 % (2024) |
| Iran | 1,512 m³ | stress | 6.8 % | 81.3 % (2022) | high | 94.4 % (2024) |
| Iraq | 1,994 m³ | no scarcity | 60.8 % | 59.6 % (2022) | medium | 59.8 % (2024) |
| Ireland | 10,006 m³ | no scarcity | 5.8 % | 8.1 % (2022) | none | 96.1 % (2024) |
| Isle of Man * | – | – | – | 99.9 % (2024) | ||
| Israel | 192 m³ | absolute scarcity | 57.9 % | 132.0 % (2021) | critical | 99.5 % (2024) |
| Italy | 3,215 m³ | no scarcity | 4.6 % | 29.8 % (2022) | low | 96.8 % (2024) |
| Ivory Coast | 2,700 m³ | no scarcity | 8.7 % | 5.1 % (2022) | none | 36.4 % (2024) |
| Jamaica | 3,811 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 12.4 % (2022) | none | – |
| Japan | 3,457 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 36.6 % (2022) | low | 98.7 % (2024) |
| Jordan | 82 m³ | absolute scarcity | 27.2 % | 105.2 % (2022) | critical | 89.0 % (2024) |
| Kazakhstan | 5,332 m³ | no scarcity | 40.6 % | 34.6 % (2022) | low | 91.5 % (2024) |
| Kenya | 555 m³ | scarcity | 32.6 % | 33.2 % (2022) | low | – |
| Kiribati | – | 0.0 % | – | 15.1 % (2024) | ||
| Kuwait | 4 m³ | absolute scarcity | 100.0 % | 3,850.5 % (2022) | critical | 100.0 % (2024) |
| Kyrgyzstan | 3,339 m³ | no scarcity | 1.1 % | 50.0 % (2022) | medium | 73.9 % (2024) |
| Laos | 43,510 m³ | no scarcity | 42.9 % | 4.8 % (2022) | none | 35.2 % (2024) |
| Latvia | 18,561 m³ | no scarcity | 51.5 % | 1.0 % (2022) | none | 97.0 % (2024) |
| Lebanon | 780 m³ | scarcity | 0.8 % | 58.8 % (2022) | medium | 47.7 % (2024) |
| Lesotho | 1,307 m³ | stress | 0.0 % | 2.6 % (2022) | none | 31.3 % (2024) |
| Liberia | 42,235 m³ | no scarcity | 13.8 % | 0.3 % (2022) | none | – |
| Libya | 96 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 817.1 % (2022) | critical | – |
| Liechtenstein | – | – | – | 100.0 % (2024) | ||
| Lithuania | 8,584 m³ | no scarcity | 36.9 % | 2.2 % (2022) | none | 96.7 % (2024) |
| Luxembourg | 5,262 m³ | no scarcity | 71.4 % | 4.0 % (2022) | none | 99.7 % (2024) |
| Macau * | – | – | – | 100.0 % (2024) | ||
| Madagascar | 10,803 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 11.3 % (2022) | none | 22.1 % (2024) |
| Malawi | 819 m³ | scarcity | 6.6 % | 17.5 % (2022) | none | 18.2 % (2024) |
| Malaysia | 16,512 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 3.4 % (2022) | none | 94.7 % (2024) |
| Maldives | 57 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 15.7 % (2022) | none | – |
| Mali | 5,049 m³ | no scarcity | 50.0 % | 8.0 % (2022) | none | – |
| Malta | 153 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 72.6 % (2022) | medium | 99.8 % (2024) |
| Marshall Islands | – | 0.0 % | – | – | ||
| Mauritania | 2,270 m³ | no scarcity | 96.5 % | 13.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Mauritius | 2,160 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 23.0 % (2022) | none | – |
| Mexico | 3,560 m³ | no scarcity | 11.5 % | 44.9 % (2022) | low | 43.0 % (2024) |
| Moldova | 4,001 m³ | no scarcity | 86.8 % | 12.6 % (2022) | none | 75.8 % (2024) |
| Monaco | – | – | – | 100.0 % (2024) | ||
| Mongolia | 10,140 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 3.4 % (2022) | none | 43.4 % (2024) |
| Montenegro | – | – | – | 85.5 % (2024) | ||
| Morocco | 769 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 50.8 % (2022) | medium | 80.0 % (2024) |
| Mozambique | 6,455 m³ | no scarcity | 53.8 % | 1.8 % (2022) | none | 27.5 % (2024) |
| Myanmar | 21,572 m³ | no scarcity | 14.1 % | 5.8 % (2022) | none | 59.7 % (2024) |
| Namibia | 13,469 m³ | no scarcity | 84.6 % | 0.3 % (2022) | none | – |
| Nauru | 842 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | – | 18.7 % (2024) | |
| Nepal | 7,079 m³ | no scarcity | 5.7 % | 8.3 % (2022) | none | 16.5 % (2024) |
| Netherlands | 5,030 m³ | no scarcity | 87.9 % | 16.7 % (2022) | none | 100.0 % (2024) |
| New Caledonia * | – | – | – | 96.9 % (2024) | ||
| New Zealand | 63,215 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 8.0 % (2022) | none | 100.0 % (2024) |
| Nicaragua | 24,110 m³ | no scarcity | 5.1 % | 2.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Niger | 1,302 m³ | stress | 89.7 % | 11.0 % (2022) | none | – |
| Nigeria | 1,256 m³ | stress | 22.8 % | 9.7 % (2022) | none | 29.9 % (2024) |
| North Korea | 2,920 m³ | no scarcity | 13.2 % | 27.7 % (2022) | low | 66.6 % (2023) |
| North Macedonia | 3,494 m³ | no scarcity | 15.6 % | 52.6 % (2022) | medium | 80.8 % (2024) |
| Northern Mariana Islands * | – | – | – | 81.5 % (2024) | ||
| Norway | 71,206 m³ | no scarcity | 2.8 % | 2.0 % (2022) | none | 99.1 % (2024) |
| Oman | 277 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 116.7 % (2022) | critical | 91.1 % (2024) |
| Pakistan | 997 m³ | scarcity | 77.7 % | 110.0 % (2022) | critical | 45.0 % (2024) |
| Palau | – | 0.0 % | – | 90.8 % (2024) | ||
| Palestine | 155 m³ | absolute scarcity | 3.0 % | 47.8 % (2021) | low | 80.6 % (2024) |
| Panama | 31,243 m³ | no scarcity | 1.9 % | 0.9 % (2022) | none | – |
| Papua New Guinea | 77,096 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 0.1 % (2022) | none | – |
| Paraguay | 56,657 m³ | no scarcity | 69.8 % | 1.8 % (2022) | none | 64.4 % (2024) |
| Peru | 55,540 m³ | no scarcity | 12.7 % | 4.8 % (2022) | none | 49.4 % (2024) |
| Philippines | 4,169 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 27.8 % (2022) | low | 48.5 % (2024) |
| Poland | 1,561 m³ | stress | 11.4 % | 32.5 % (2022) | low | 88.7 % (2024) |
| Portugal | 7,420 m³ | no scarcity | 50.9 % | 12.3 % (2022) | none | 95.2 % (2024) |
| Puerto Rico * | 2,190 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 19.5 % (2022) | none | 98.9 % (2024) |
| Qatar | 19 m³ | absolute scarcity | 3.4 % | 431.0 % (2022) | critical | 95.3 % (2024) |
| Republic of the Congo | 134,565 m³ | no scarcity | 73.3 % | 0.0 % (2022) | none | 45.9 % (2021) |
| Romania | 11,089 m³ | no scarcity | 80.0 % | 7.6 % (2022) | none | 82.2 % (2024) |
| Russia | 31,115 m³ | no scarcity | 4.7 % | 4.1 % (2022) | none | 76.3 % (2024) |
| Rwanda | 953 m³ | scarcity | 28.6 % | 20.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 513 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 50.8 % (2022) | medium | – |
| Saint Lucia | 1,673 m³ | stress | 0.0 % | 14.3 % (2022) | none | – |
| Saint Martin * | – | – | – | 96.6 % (2024) | ||
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 987 m³ | scarcity | 0.0 % | 7.9 % (2022) | none | – |
| Samoa | – | 0.0 % | – | 62.5 % (2024) | ||
| San Marino | – | – | – | 100.0 % (2024) | ||
| Saudi Arabia | 72 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 974.2 % (2022) | critical | – |
| Senegal | 2,156 m³ | no scarcity | 33.8 % | 16.3 % (2022) | none | 27.2 % (2024) |
| Serbia | 23,947 m³ | no scarcity | – | 5.7 % (2022) | none | 75.0 % (2024) |
| Seychelles | – | 0.0 % | – | 64.7 % (2024) | ||
| Sierra Leone | 18,911 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 0.5 % (2022) | none | 10.9 % (2024) |
| Singapore | 104 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 33.3 % (2022) | low | 100.0 % (2024) |
| Sint Maarten * | – | – | – | – | ||
| Slovakia | 9,079 m³ | no scarcity | 74.9 % | 2.4 % (2022) | none | 99.6 % (2024) |
| Slovenia | 15,044 m³ | no scarcity | 41.4 % | 5.6 % (2022) | none | 99.6 % (2024) |
| Solomon Islands | 55,875 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | – | – | |
| Somalia | 801 m³ | scarcity | 59.2 % | 24.5 % (2022) | none | – |
| South Africa | 812 m³ | scarcity | 12.8 % | 67.6 % (2022) | medium | 68.0 % (2024) |
| South Korea | 1,347 m³ | stress | 7.0 % | 85.2 % (2022) | high | 99.3 % (2024) |
| South Sudan | 4,311 m³ | no scarcity | 65.8 % | 4.2 % (2022) | none | – |
| Spain | 2,327 m³ | no scarcity | 0.3 % | 43.3 % (2022) | low | 99.5 % (2024) |
| Sri Lanka | 2,298 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 90.8 % (2022) | high | 46.9 % (2024) |
| Sudan | 755 m³ | scarcity | 96.1 % | 118.7 % (2022) | critical | – |
| Suriname | 157,421 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 4.0 % (2022) | none | 55.8 % (2024) |
| Sweden | 16,491 m³ | no scarcity | 1.7 % | 3.6 % (2022) | none | 99.8 % (2024) |
| Switzerland | 6,031 m³ | no scarcity | 24.5 % | 6.5 % (2022) | none | 96.7 % (2024) |
| Syria | 712 m³ | scarcity | 72.4 % | 124.4 % (2022) | critical | – |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 9,442 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 1.9 % (2022) | none | 36.7 % (2024) |
| Tajikistan | 2,109 m³ | no scarcity | 17.3 % | 69.9 % (2022) | medium | 65.1 % (2024) |
| Tanzania | 1,445 m³ | stress | 12.7 % | 13.0 % (2022) | none | 31.3 % (2024) |
| Thailand | 6,117 m³ | no scarcity | 48.8 % | 23.0 % (2022) | none | – |
| The Bahamas | 1,752 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | – | – | |
| The Gambia | 2,965 m³ | no scarcity | 62.5 % | 2.2 % (2022) | none | 48.2 % (2024) |
| Togo | 1,580 m³ | stress | 21.8 % | 3.4 % (2022) | none | 20.5 % (2024) |
| Tonga | – | 0.0 % | – | 29.6 % (2024) | ||
| Trinidad and Tobago | 2,555 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | 20.3 % (2022) | none | 69.4 % (2024) |
| Tunisia | 378 m³ | absolute scarcity | 9.1 % | 98.1 % (2022) | high | 65.0 % (2024) |
| Turkey | 2,425 m³ | no scarcity | 1.5 % | 47.9 % (2022) | low | – |
| Turkmenistan | 3,363 m³ | no scarcity | 97.0 % | 135.2 % (2022) | critical | 94.9 % (2024) |
| Turks and Caicos Islands * | – | – | – | 47.0 % (2024) | ||
| Tuvalu | – | 0.0 % | – | 8.7 % (2024) | ||
| Uganda | 1,235 m³ | stress | 35.1 % | 5.8 % (2022) | none | 18.1 % (2024) |
| Ukraine | 4,645 m³ | no scarcity | 68.6 % | 6.3 % (2022) | none | 87.9 % (2024) |
| United Arab Emirates | 14 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 1,509.9 % (2022) | critical | 98.6 % (2024) |
| United Kingdom | 2,140 m³ | no scarcity | 1.4 % | 14.4 % (2022) | none | 99.8 % (2024) |
| United States Virgin Islands * | – | – | – | 98.7 % (2024) | ||
| United States of America | 8,935 m³ | no scarcity | 8.2 % | 28.2 % (2022) | low | 97.6 % (2024) |
| Uruguay | 50,825 m³ | no scarcity | 46.5 % | 12.1 % (2022) | none | – |
| Uzbekistan | 1,371 m³ | stress | 80.1 % | 123.0 % (2022) | critical | 81.9 % (2024) |
| Vanuatu | 31,210 m³ | no scarcity | 0.0 % | – | 19.2 % (2024) | |
| Venezuela | 46,818 m³ | no scarcity | 39.2 % | 7.5 % (2022) | none | – |
| Vietnam | 8,810 m³ | no scarcity | 59.3 % | 18.1 % (2022) | none | 58.6 % (2024) |
| Yemen | 53 m³ | absolute scarcity | 0.0 % | 169.8 % (2022) | critical | – |
| Zambia | 5,057 m³ | no scarcity | 23.5 % | 2.8 % (2022) | none | – |
| Zimbabwe | 1,224 m³ | stress | 38.7 % | 46.1 % (2022) | low | 25.5 % (2024) |
* Territory or country that is not one of the 195 UN states (members and observers): it appears with its data, but not in the rankings and in the “top ten” lists.
Water per person and from abroad: FAO, AQUASTAT (2023). Water stress and drinking water: World Bank (FAO and WHO/UNICEF data), latest available year in brackets.
To be read with care: few countries measure withdrawals every year, the figures ignore seasons and water quality, and there are large differences between regions within a country (FAO, methodology of goal 6.4.2).